Your builder is about to declare Practical Completion. They'll send you a notice, ask you to inspect, and tell you when the final progress payment is due. This is the single moment of leverage you have over the build quality.
Most first-time new-build buyers don't know what a PCI actually is, when to commission it, or what their rights are. The result: they sign off on PC under builder pressure, then spend the next five years chasing rectification work that should have been done before they took possession.
Here's how to do it properly.
What Practical Completion actually means
Under Australian Domestic Building Contracts legislation (Vic DBC Act 1995, NSW Home Building Act 1989, QLD Domestic Building Contracts Act 2000, equivalent in other states), Practical Completion (PC) means the building work is reasonably ready for occupation, with only minor defects remaining.
The PC certificate triggers three things:
- Final progress payment — typically 5–10% of the contract price
- Defects Liability Period (DLP) begins — 13–26 weeks in which the builder must rectify items you identify
- Possession of the property — keys hand over
Critically: PC does NOT mean "the build is finished and defect-free." It means the builder claims it's ready for occupation. Your job at PCI is to verify that claim — and require rectification of anything that's NOT minor before you accept PC.
When to commission the PCI
The timeline is tight. From your builder's perspective:
- Builder declares PC reached — sends you a written notice
- Your contract gives you 5–10 business days to inspect (varies by contract)
- You either accept PC and pay the final progress payment, OR raise defects in writing and require rectification before accepting
- Once you accept PC, the DLP clock starts; the builder must rectify items within the period
Commission your independent PCI inspection within 1–3 days of receiving the PC notice. You want the inspector on site as early in your inspection window as possible so:
- You have time to escalate to the builder if major items are found
- The builder has time to rectify before your contract's acceptance deadline
- You aren't pressured to sign by the final-payment deadline
What a PCI inspector looks for
A thorough PCI runs AS4349.0 (general inspection of buildings) and sometimes AS4349.1 (pre-purchase) but in a NEW-BUILD context. Unlike pre-purchase inspections, the focus is on workmanship and compliance with the build contract, not natural wear.
External
- Brickwork: mortar joints to AS 3700 (8–12mm typical), no excess perpend gaps, articulation joints clear, weep holes unobstructed, no efflorescence
- Roof: tile/sheet alignment, ridge capping, flashings, valley irons, gutter slope and downpipe connections, sarking visible from inside
- External cladding: Hardies/Linea boards spaced correctly, expansion joints, sealant condition, paint coverage
- Windows and doors: sashes operate freely, locks work, weatherseals present, flashings around openings
- Slab edges: no blowouts past brickwork (concrete needs to be flush so paving and DPC clearance work), no spalling, no honeycomb
- External taps and meter boxes: mounted level, weatherproof, accessible
Internal
- Walls and ceilings: flat (within AS 2589 tolerance), no nail pops, no drummy plaster, cornices straight, paint finish even with no holidays, runs, or pinholes
- Floor coverings: tiles flat (no lippage), no drummy tiles, grout consistent, carpet stretched + tucked, floorboards no creaks or gaps
- Doors: hung straight, gap clearances within tolerance, latches engage cleanly, no scratches or damage
- Wet areas: waterproofing verified (membrane test if accessible), grout sealed, silicone runs continuous, drainage falls correct
- Kitchen and joinery: cabinet doors aligned, drawers operate, benchtop joints sealed, splashback complete
- Stairs: riser/tread compliance NCC 3.9.1, balustrade height 1m+ AS 1657, slip-resistant nosing on hard-surface treads
Services
- Electrical: all outlets working, switchboard labelled, RCDs on every circuit, smoke alarms hardwired + interconnected, AS 3000 compliance
- Plumbing: all taps run hot + cold to spec, no leaks under sinks, hot water service commissioned, gas pressure tested (if applicable), AS/NZS 3500 compliance
- HVAC: heating + cooling functional, ducts insulated, thermostat operates
- NCC Energy Efficiency: insulation gaps, sealing at wall junctions, downlight insulation gaps, energy rating maintained
Documentation handed over
- Occupation Certificate / Certificate of Final Inspection
- Termite barrier certificate (AS 3660 management plan)
- Electrical safety certificate
- Plumbing compliance certificate
- Domestic Building Insurance policy details (insurer name + policy number — crucial if the builder later goes into liquidation)
- Energy rating certificate
- Warranties for appliances + finishes
Don't accept PC without ALL of these documents. Missing paperwork is grounds to refuse PC.
What "minor defect" means (and where builders push)
The legal definition of a minor defect is one that doesn't make the building unfit for use and can be rectified during the DLP without major disruption. In practice, the line gets blurry, and builders often try to classify obvious-major items as "minor" so you accept PC and pay the final.
Genuinely minor (won't block PC):
- Paint touch-ups
- Small cracks < 1mm in plaster
- Single squeaky hinge
- One sticky door
- Minor scratches on benchtops or skirting
NOT minor — should be rectified before you accept PC:
- Wet area waterproofing not certified (could leak into framing)
- Mortar joints outside AS 3700 tolerance (structural workmanship breach)
- Articulation joints blocked (could cause cracking)
- Roof flashings not sealed (water ingress risk)
- Electrical without RCDs (safety + AS 3000)
- Stair nosing without slip-resistance (NCC 3.9.1 + safety)
- Smoke alarms not interconnected (safety + compliance)
- Slab edge blowouts that prevent DPC compliance
- Brick piers out of plumb (structural)
- Missing termite management documentation (statutory)
- Any AS standard breach affecting safety
If your inspector flags any of the second list, you have legal grounds to refuse PC. Put it in writing to the builder citing the specific contract clause + AS standard. They're required to rectify before PC can be reached.
The Defects Liability Period (DLP)
The DLP is the contractual window AFTER you've accepted PC during which the builder must rectify items you identify. Standard durations:
- HIA New Homes Contract: 13 weeks (3 months)
- Master Builders New Home Contract: 26 weeks (6 months)
- Custom contracts: negotiable — push for 26 weeks if you can
During the DLP, document EVERY defect you notice in writing to the builder. Photograph each item with the date. Use the contract's defect notification template if there is one. Build a single running list and send updates weekly. The builder typically schedules a single "defects rectification visit" toward the end of the DLP — make sure your list is complete by then.
What happens after the DLP expires?
After the DLP, you can still claim against the builder under statutory warranties — typically:
- 6 years: structural defects, major waterproofing, major electrical
- 2 years: non-structural defects (cracks < 2mm, paint, finishes, fittings)
Specific durations vary by state. But statutory warranties are HARDER to enforce than DLP claims — you have to prove the defect existed at completion, not from later wear. Use the DLP aggressively.
If the builder refuses to rectify
Three escalation paths:
- Written notice to the builder citing the contract clause + AS standard breached. Keep tone professional; most builders rectify once the documentation is unambiguous.
- Complaint to your state building authority: Victorian Building Authority (VBA), NSW Fair Trading, QBCC (Queensland), Consumer Building Services (WA), Consumer & Business Services (SA). They mediate disputes and can compel rectification.
- Claim against Domestic Building Insurance: every licensed AU builder must carry DBI (Vic), HBCF (NSW), or state equivalent. If the builder is insolvent or refuses, you claim against the insurance policy. This is what protected millions of new-build buyers when major builders like Porter Davis went into liquidation.
Typical PCI findings — what to expect
Realistic ranges for a standard 4-bedroom Australian new build at PCI:
- Total defect count: 40–80 items
- Major (should block PC if unrectified): 3–10 items
- Cosmetic / minor: 30–60 items
- Total estimated rectification value: $25K–$120K
Don't panic at the number. A good builder rectifies most items between PC declaration and your final acceptance. The point of PCI is to create the documented list — the builder owes the work under contract regardless.
How Report Decoded helps
Upload your PCI report PDF and Report Decoded:
- Extracts every defect into a structured list
- Classifies severity (major / minor) per AS4349 framework
- Maps each item to the right rectification trade (cabinetmaker for joinery, stair specialist for nosing, painter for cosmetic finish, handyman for adjustments)
- Generates a Builder Rectification Letter — a formal but professional written request listing every defect, contract clause referenced, AS standards breached, with a 14-21 day rectification deadline. Copy, paste, send.
- Includes the "If your builder refuses" escalation path — statutory warranties, building authority complaint, DBI claim — tailored to your state
- Cites every claim to a specific page in your inspector's PDF so the builder can't hand-wave items away
$59 per report. Same engine, different framing — handover reports use cooperative language (you and the builder are both meant to deliver the house to standard) but with the documentation rigour you need if cooperation breaks down.
The short version
- PCI is the single most important moment of buyer leverage on a new build
- Use your own independent inspector ($650–$1,200) — never the builder's
- Commission within 1–3 days of the builder's PC notice
- Refuse to sign PC if there are major (not minor) defects
- Document every item during the DLP (13–26 weeks)
- Keep the DBI policy details — that's your safety net if the builder goes under
- Statutory warranties (6 years structural / 2 years non-structural) are your post-DLP fallback
New-build buyers who do PCI properly typically get $40K–$120K of legitimate rectification work done by the builder for free — work that would be expensive owner-funded repairs five years later if skipped today.